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Tagetes patula · familia de las asteráceas · USDA PLANTS: TAPA
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French Marigold (Tagetes patula) es una planta anual (familia de las asteráceas).
Lo que la semilla necesita antes de brotar.
University of Minnesota Extension, 'Marigolds', extension.umn.edu/flowers/marigolds (fetched in-container 2026-09-20, read by the maintainer 2026-09-20 via the batch-3 germination review): 'Seeds will germinate in 5 to 8 days at 70 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit.' 70-75 F = 21-24 C (stored). FLAGGED ESTIMATED for two reasons: the sentence is on UMN's general 'Marigolds' page, which covers French (Tagetes patula), African (T. erecta) and signet marigolds together - it is a genus-level figure, not stated for T. patula specifically; and UMN gives it as a germination temperature without labelling it a SOIL temperature. Nearest published figure, stored with those caveats. No pre-sow soak or scarification is stated, so no seed_treatment is recorded. [read]
University of Minnesota Extension, same page and fetch as germination_soil_temp_c (read by the maintainer 2026-09-20): 'Seeds will germinate in 5 to 8 days at 70 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit.' Stored [5, 8]. FLAGGED ESTIMATED: like the temperature, this is UMN's genus-level marigold figure, not stated for T. patula specifically. [read]
These are estimates from general gardening knowledge, or the sources disagree on them, so treat them as a starting point rather than a firm figure.
Mecanismo: Nucleación de hielo en el tejido de la hoja.
Evidence: settled without a trial - climatology.
Siembra o trasplanta después de la fecha de la última helada, o empieza en interiores y trasplanta cuando haya pasado.
Mecanismo: La pudrición basal (Rhizoctonia solani) y el moho blanco de la lechuga (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum y S. minor) sobreviven en el suelo como micelio y esclerocios durante años y se acumulan donde la lechuga se repite; un descanso de tres años mantiene a raya la pudrición basal. Los hongos del moho blanco infectan también aliáceas, brasicáceas, solanáceas, cucurbitáceas y leguminosas, así que una rotación de la lechuga los frena sin matarlos de hambre, y solo los cereales son tierra segura.
Evidence: confirmed against 4 sources in the research-based literature.
Cornell Vegetables, 'Do Rotations Matter within Disease Management Programs?', vegetables.cornell.edu/pest-management/disease-factsheets/do-rotations-matter-within-disease-management-programs (fetched in-container 2026-09-02; read by the maintainer 2026-09-02): its rotation table gives lettuce bottom rot (Rhizoctonia) 3 years and drop (Sclerotinia) 3 years.
NC State Extension, 'Lettuce Drop', content.ces.ncsu.edu/lettuce-drop (fetched in-container 2026-09-02; read by the maintainer 2026-09-02): 'Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and S. minor have a wide host range infecting allium (onion, garlic), brassica (cabbage, broccoli), solanaceae (pepper, potato), cucurbits (cucumber, squash), lettuce, and sweetpotato crops'; 'Cereals (maize, wheat, sorghum) are less susceptible to these pathogens'; 'the broad host range of both pathogens significantly limits the efficacy of crop rotation.'
Utah State University Extension, 'Drop (Sclerotinia Rot)', extension.usu.edu/planthealth/ipm/notes_ag/veg-drop-sclerotinia (fetched in-container 2026-09-02; read by the maintainer 2026-09-02): 'The sclerotia can survive dormant in the soil for extended periods'; 'S. sclerotiorum affects a wide range of hosts, including root crops, legumes, and solanaceous crops however, drop is specific to lettuce'; rotate 'with nonsusceptible crops such as grains or corn to reduce disease build-up.'
UMass Vegetable Notes 2024 vol. 36:2, umass.edu/agriculture-food-environment/vegetable/newsletters/vegetable-notes/vegetable-notes-2024-vol-362 (fetched in-container 2026-09-02; read by the maintainer 2026-09-02): bottom rot - 'Rhizoctonia survives in the soil, as mycelium or sclerotia'; lettuce drop - 'It produces sclerotia that can survive in the soil for many years'; 'Its host range includes many vegetables such as tomato and beans.'
Planta la lechuga y su familia en otra tierra, o espera a que pasen 3 años desde la última vez que esta tierra las tuvo. Donde ha aparecido el moho blanco, el descanso que cuenta es uno de granos o maíz, ya que la mayoría de las hortalizas lo portan, y las plantas muertas van a la basura, no a la composta: los esclerocios sobreviven a ella.
Esta es una afirmación que el planeador se niega a aplicar — la dejamos aquí junto con lo que de verdad se sabe, en lugar de borrarla.
Lo que de verdad se sabe: Tagetes patula suppresses Meloidogyne spp. via alpha-terthienyl and related thiophenes. Suppression requires a dense sole-crop stand held for a full season, i.e. a biofumigant cover crop, not an interplant. Scattered marigolds among vegetables do approximately nothing.
Evidence: confirmed against 1 source in the research-based literature.
UF/IFAS EDIS ENY-056/NG045, 'Marigolds (Tagetes spp.) for Nematode Management', edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/NG045 (read 2026-07-11): intercropping — 'Can marigolds have an effect on plant-parasitic nematodes when grown in an intercropping setting? Probably not.'; 'marigold should be planted at least two months before the desired vegetable crop' at 'the same site in which the vegetable crop will be planted'; 'Planting should be dense to ensure the best nematode control'; 'Marigold produces a substance called alpha-terthienyl, which can aid in the reduction of root-knot nematodes'; 'Marigolds cannot eradicate nematodes ... it must be grown every season before the actual crop is planted.'
Los tagetes sí suprimen los nematodos agalladores, pero solo como una siembra compacta cultivada durante toda una temporada como cultivo de cobertura. Ponerlos salteados entre tus tomates no lo logra.
Mecanismo: Resistencia al frío. Los cultivos resistentes toleran heladas fuertes y los semirresistentes toleran heladas ligeras, así que pueden ocupar la tierra semanas antes de que se permita la entrada a los cultivos sensibles a las heladas. El desfase se mide desde la última helada de primavera.
Evidence: confirmed against 4 sources in the research-based literature.
University of Illinois Extension, 'Time Your Vegetable Plantings by Cold Hardiness' (2018-03-26), extension.illinois.edu/blogs/ilriverhort/2018-03-26-time-your-vegetable-plantings-cold-hardiness: very hardy vegetables 'withstand freezing temperatures and hard frosts without injury' (planted earliest in spring); frost-tolerant vegetables 'can withstand light frosts, but not freezing temperatures' (planted a couple of weeks later). LLM-summarised from a read of the page; it establishes the CATEGORIES but states no week offsets.
Colorado State Univ. Extension, GardenNotes #720, 'Vegetable Planting Guide', extension.colostate.edu/resource/vegetable-planting-guide (read 2026-07-25): hardy vegetables go in 'As early as 2-4 weeks before the date of the average last spring frost'; semi-hardy 'As early as 0-2 weeks before the date of the average last spring frost'; tender from seed 'around the date of the average last spring frost'; very tender 'Typically 2+ weeks after'. This is the source that states the offsets in weeks.
Where this rule sits in that range: hardy at 3 weeks is mid-range of CSU's 2-4. Half-hardy at 2 weeks is the EARLIEST EDGE of CSU's 0-2 - the most aggressive planting CSU sanctions, not the middle of it. The rule is inside published guidance at both ends, but it leans early on the half-hardy side and a gardener following it in a cold spring is taking that boundary.
Do not import an offset from another publication's hardiness scheme without checking the category names: CSU has no 'very hardy' tier, so a '4-6 weeks before frost' figure written against a four-tier scheme does not describe CSU's 'hardy'. Categories are not comparable across sources.
Mecanismo: Un cultivo sensible a las heladas con muchos días a la cosecha no puede madurar si solo se siembra directamente después de la última helada — la ventana sin heladas es demasiado corta. Una ventaja inicial bajo cubierta compra las semanas que le faltan a la temporada; la plántula solo se trasplanta una vez que ha pasado la helada — la fecha de trasplante sigue dependiendo de la helada.
Evidence: confirmed against 2 sources in the research-based literature.
University of Minnesota Extension, 'Starting seeds indoors', extension.umn.edu/planting-and-growing-guides/starting-seeds-indoors: seed-starting chart gives tomato '5-6 weeks' and pepper and eggplant '9 weeks' before the outdoor planting date (warm crops set out after the last frost). Read 2026-07-19 (LLM-summarised); read by the maintainer 2026-07-25, which is the read that promoted this rule. Note what the corpus's per-crop values do with the sources: tomato 6 sits at the top of Minnesota's '5-6 weeks' and inside Illinois's '6-8'; pepper and eggplant 8 sit BELOW Minnesota's '9 weeks' and at the top of Illinois's '6-8'. They are a reconciliation of two published ranges, not a figure either source prints.
University of Illinois Extension, 'When should I start my seeds?' (2023-02-10), extension.illinois.edu/blogs/good-growing/2023-02-10-when-should-i-start-my-seeds: peppers, tomatoes, and eggplant started '6-8 weeks before the last frost'. Read 2026-07-19.
Otras 118 reglas dependen de tu huerto y no de la planta — rotación de cultivos, fechas de helada, sol, distancia entre plantas y suelo. Velas todas.
Milpa Gardens. "French Marigold (Tagetes patula)." https://milpa.garden/es/plants/tagetes-patula/
A garden-planning corpus: every claim states its evidence grade and links its sources on the page. Cite it with the grade, and add the date you read it.