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Nasturtium · Tropaeolum majus · familia de las tropeoláceas · USDA PLANTS: TRMA7
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Las reglas y las notas de cosecha de esta página están traducidas automáticamente del inglés; sus fuentes, algunas notas y los títulos de las guías siguen en inglés.
Mastuerzo (Tropaeolum majus) es una planta anual (familia de las tropeoláceas).
Lo que la semilla necesita antes de brotar.
Wisconsin Horticulture Extension (same page and fetch as seed_treatment; read by the maintainer 2026-09-19): 'Seed typically germinates in a week to ten days depending on soil temperature.' Stored [7, 10]. No extension source read gives a germination soil-temperature range for nasturtium, so that field is left absent. [read]
Wisconsin Horticulture Extension (same page and fetch; read by the maintainer 2026-09-19): 'Sow seeds 1/2 inch deep ... they need darkness to germinate.' So this species germinates in darkness (light_to_germinate false). [read]
Wisconsin Horticulture Extension, 'Nasturtium, Tropaeolum majus', hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/nasturtium-tropaeolum-majus/ (fetched in-container 2026-09-19, read by the maintainer 2026-09-19 via the batch-1 germination review): 'Soaking the seed for a few hours or overnight before planting can improve germination.' The mechanism is NOT from Wisconsin (it says only 'improve germination', which invariant 1 bars): it is the general imbibition principle, stated by Iowa State Extension, 'Germination of Tree Seed', hortnews.extension.iastate.edu/2000/8-11-2000/germtreeseed.html (read 2026-09-19) - 'seeds must take in water before germination can start, a process called imbibition' - applied to this species' soak. FLAG: the mechanism is the universal principle, not a nasturtium-specific citation; a nasturtium-specific 'hard seed coat' claim was NOT recorded because it traced only to a non-extension almanac source. [read]
These are estimates from general gardening knowledge, or the sources disagree on them, so treat them as a starting point rather than a firm figure.
Mecanismo: Nucleación de hielo en el tejido de la hoja.
Evidence: settled without a trial - climatology.
Siembra o trasplanta después de la fecha de la última helada, o empieza en interiores y trasplanta cuando haya pasado.
Mecanismo: Resistencia al frío. Los cultivos resistentes toleran heladas fuertes y los semirresistentes toleran heladas ligeras, así que pueden ocupar la tierra semanas antes de que se permita la entrada a los cultivos sensibles a las heladas. El desfase se mide desde la última helada de primavera.
Evidence: confirmed against 4 sources in the research-based literature.
University of Illinois Extension, 'Time Your Vegetable Plantings by Cold Hardiness' (2018-03-26), extension.illinois.edu/blogs/ilriverhort/2018-03-26-time-your-vegetable-plantings-cold-hardiness: very hardy vegetables 'withstand freezing temperatures and hard frosts without injury' (planted earliest in spring); frost-tolerant vegetables 'can withstand light frosts, but not freezing temperatures' (planted a couple of weeks later). LLM-summarised from a read of the page; it establishes the CATEGORIES but states no week offsets.
Colorado State Univ. Extension, GardenNotes #720, 'Vegetable Planting Guide', extension.colostate.edu/resource/vegetable-planting-guide (read 2026-07-25): hardy vegetables go in 'As early as 2-4 weeks before the date of the average last spring frost'; semi-hardy 'As early as 0-2 weeks before the date of the average last spring frost'; tender from seed 'around the date of the average last spring frost'; very tender 'Typically 2+ weeks after'. This is the source that states the offsets in weeks.
Where this rule sits in that range: hardy at 3 weeks is mid-range of CSU's 2-4. Half-hardy at 2 weeks is the EARLIEST EDGE of CSU's 0-2 - the most aggressive planting CSU sanctions, not the middle of it. The rule is inside published guidance at both ends, but it leans early on the half-hardy side and a gardener following it in a cold spring is taking that boundary.
Do not import an offset from another publication's hardiness scheme without checking the category names: CSU has no 'very hardy' tier, so a '4-6 weeks before frost' figure written against a four-tier scheme does not describe CSU's 'hardy'. Categories are not comparable across sources.
Mecanismo: Un cultivo sensible a las heladas con muchos días a la cosecha no puede madurar si solo se siembra directamente después de la última helada — la ventana sin heladas es demasiado corta. Una ventaja inicial bajo cubierta compra las semanas que le faltan a la temporada; la plántula solo se trasplanta una vez que ha pasado la helada — la fecha de trasplante sigue dependiendo de la helada.
Evidence: confirmed against 2 sources in the research-based literature.
University of Minnesota Extension, 'Starting seeds indoors', extension.umn.edu/planting-and-growing-guides/starting-seeds-indoors: seed-starting chart gives tomato '5-6 weeks' and pepper and eggplant '9 weeks' before the outdoor planting date (warm crops set out after the last frost). Read 2026-07-19 (LLM-summarised); read by the maintainer 2026-07-25, which is the read that promoted this rule. Note what the corpus's per-crop values do with the sources: tomato 6 sits at the top of Minnesota's '5-6 weeks' and inside Illinois's '6-8'; pepper and eggplant 8 sit BELOW Minnesota's '9 weeks' and at the top of Illinois's '6-8'. They are a reconciliation of two published ranges, not a figure either source prints.
University of Illinois Extension, 'When should I start my seeds?' (2023-02-10), extension.illinois.edu/blogs/good-growing/2023-02-10-when-should-i-start-my-seeds: peppers, tomatoes, and eggplant started '6-8 weeks before the last frost'. Read 2026-07-19.
Mecanismo: El suelo rico y el nitrógeno abundante inclinan a la planta hacia el crecimiento vegetativo de hojas en lugar de la floración; un suelo magro y de baja fertilidad devuelve ese mismo equilibrio hacia la floración. Es el intercambio de follaje por flor que produce el abono fuerte en muchas plantas, aquí gastando la planta en hojas en lugar de en las flores para las que se cultivó.
Evidence: confirmed against 2 sources in the research-based literature.
Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison Extension (Wisconsin Horticulture), 'Nasturtium, Tropaeolum majus', hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/nasturtium-tropaeolum-majus (read 2026-08-22): 'Do not fertilize, except on extremely poor soil, as high rates of fertilization promotes leaf growth and reduces flowering.'
NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 'Tropaeolum majus', plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/tropaeolum-majus (read 2026-08-22): 'It grows best in poor to average, well-drained soil in full sun, but with some afternoon shade in hot summers'; 'Fertilizing will increase foliage, however, will also decrease flowering.'
Planta en suelo de regular a pobre, bien drenado, a pleno sol. No fertilices, y evita el abono rico en nitrógeno; reserva cualquier abono para un terreno realmente pobre. El motor no inventa cifras de fertilizante.
Otras 119 reglas dependen de tu huerto y no de la planta — rotación de cultivos, fechas de helada, sol, distancia entre plantas y suelo. Velas todas.
Milpa Gardens. "Mastuerzo (Tropaeolum majus)." https://milpa.garden/es/plants/tropaeolum-majus/
A garden-planning corpus: every claim states its evidence grade and links its sources on the page. Cite it with the grade, and add the date you read it.